Infertility has many causes. It can be traced
to specific problems with the male or female’s reproductive organs, the
hormones that regulate the sex drive and fertility, or environmental factors
that make pregnancy difficult or impossible. However, infertility also can
result from multiple factors and, in some cases, the cause is never known.
Treatment for infertility is tailored to meet
the needs of each couple. Therefore, a comprehensive medical history, a
thorough examination, diagnostic tests and other procedures are required to
help your physician develop an effective treatment plan. The initial work-up
begins with a personal and clinical history, including illnesses and medical
conditions, sexual history and genetic predispositions that may contribute to
infertility.
In addition, each partner undergoes a series
of basic tests. Additional procedures may be required if more information is
needed as a result of the initial screening and/or your history. For example,
if there is evidence of heredity disease - sickle cell anemia, Tay-Sachs,
Canavan’s or Gaucher disease - your physician may order genetic testing and
chromosomal analysis. Psychological screening also may be required to
determine whether you fully understand and are prepared to deal with the
physical, emotional and legal ramifications of fertility treatment, and
particularly, in vitro
fertilization (IVF).
Based on all of this information, your
physician will determine whether conception and pregnancy are likely as a
result of treatment, as well as which therapies provide the best chance for
success. Even in cases where the cause of infertility is "unexplained,"
there may be treatment available to help you conceive.
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